Proper nutrition is one of the most important foundations for maintaining a healthy, productive quail flock. Quail have specific dietary needs that differ from chickens and other poultry, and meeting those needs consistently supports strong immune systems, steady egg production, and optimal growth. A high-quality, species-appropriate feed is the core of their diet. For both Jumbo Coturnix and standard Coturnix/Celadon lines, a well-balanced game bird or specialized quail feed is recommended, ideally with a protein content between 20% and 30% depending on the bird’s life stage. Chicks thrive on higher protein levels to support rapid early development, while adults generally maintain best health on 20%–24% protein formulas. Feeds designed for other birds—such as layer pellets intended for chickens—often lack the correct protein profile and may include calcium levels that are too high for quail, which can strain their kidneys.
In addition to balanced protein, quail benefit from a diet rich in essential amino acids, vitamins, and trace minerals. Consistent access to a formulated, complete feed helps prevent nutritional gaps that can lead to feather loss, reduced fertility, or weakened eggshells. While quail do enjoy supplemental foods such as fresh greens, seeds, insects, and small amounts of fruits or vegetables, these should be offered as enrichment rather than as the bulk of their diet. Treats should remain a limited percentage of daily intake to avoid diluting their nutritional balance. Grit is not necessary when quail are fed commercial crumble, but it becomes useful when offering natural foraging items or whole grains.
Hydration is equally important to maintaining quail health. Clean, fresh water must be available at all times. Quail consume more water than many people expect, often drinking several ounces per day depending on temperature, feed type, and overall activity. In warm weather, their water intake increases significantly, making frequent refilling and monitoring essential. Waterers should be kept clean and algae-free to prevent bacterial growth and illness. Because quail are small and sensitive to contamination, even minor issues in water quality can affect their health quickly.
During extremely hot weather, quail may benefit from additional hydration strategies such as placing extra water stations, adding ice to waterers, or offering hydrating foods in small amounts. In colder months, preventing water from freezing becomes the priority. Heated water bases or insulated waterers ensure the flock continues to drink consistently, which is crucial for digestion and egg production.
Meeting the dietary and hydration needs of quail is not complex, but it does require consistency and attention to detail. A nutritionally complete feed paired with reliable access to clean water helps quail thrive at every stage of life. Whether you are raising quail for eggs, meat, breeding, or companionship, understanding their nutritional requirements forms the basis of a healthy, stable, and productive flock.
